Jobs of the Future Free Essays

Jobs of the Future In The Economist, there is an article called Into the Unknown (November 13, 2004. ) This article also appears in the book Writing and Reading Across the Curriculum. The author of Into the Unknown is unverified. We will write a custom essay sample on Jobs of the Future or any similar topic only for you Order Now In this article, the author talks about how the jobs of the future will come to change. Machines and mechanical devices are taking over the jobs of physical workers and the work force demands are ever changing. â€Å"Mechanical devices are already ousting skilled clerical workers and replacing them with operators†¦ Opportunity in the white-collar services is being steadily undetermined. –Stuart Chase, an American writer. This quote was published in his book, Men and Machines in 1929. Our concerns about manufacturing jobs heavily relates to the concerns that Stuart Chase had. As more technology is produced more jobs are being lost, although new jobs are being created. This is more prevalent with production technology. This new technology yields lower cost and higher profits. This in turn lifts demand for new goods and services. The facts state that new jobs are being created, but there is always worry about the jobs that are to come in the future. America has a considerable amount of technology jobs to India in the past few years. On the contrary, the number of technological white-collar jobs in the U. S has risen. This goes to show how when jobs are lost, more often than not new ones are created. The boss of Wipro, Azim Premji, says â€Å"IT professionals are in short supply in America, within the next few months, we will have a labor shortage† (177. ) This can further confuse us Americans about lost jobs. Some say that about 14 million Americans (about 11% of the workforce) hold jobs that are at the risk of outsourcing (177. Some of these jobs include paralegals, legal assistants, computer professionals and computer operators. Ashok Bardhan, an economist at the University of California at Berkely, says that some of this work can be done elsewhere now. This may or may not have an effect on jobs and revenue. This of course heavily depends on supply and demand in the market of labor and the effort of the American workers to re train in different fields. Computer professionals have been noticing that certain maintenance jobs are no longer in as much demand in America. Indian programmers are willing to do this work much more cheaply. This causes companies such as IBM re train their employees in these skills. Many of these jobs face both foreign AND automated competition. As new technology surfaces, it continually causes employees to re train and even sometimes change jobs Although it may seem as if these jobs will be taken, the jobs of the future are ever changing. As jobs are eliminated, new ones emerge and this cycle will continue to happen. How to cite Jobs of the Future, Essay examples

Psychosocial Nursing Mental Health Services -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Psychosocial Nursing Mental Health Services? Answer: Introduction Psychotherapy is a diverse field of identifying and analyzing psychological conditions. Based on the theories there are different types of therapies that are used by professionals all over the world. However, the therapists with a specific motive and outcome have used these different therapies to resolve their clients individual issues. This essay mainly focuses on two different psychotherapies namely Existential and person-Centered therapy by highlighting and contrasting their key concepts and attributes. This essay mainly chooses to focus on three key areas where these two therapies differ from each other. The main purpose of this report is to help understand the similarities and differences between three key areas of these two psychotherapies as mentioned. Key concepts and Attributes Existentialism can be defined as the philosophical approach, which mainly influences the practice adopted by a counselor's approach rather than focusing on their mere therapeutic model, or a different therapeutic approach (Van Deurzen Adams, 2016). This kind of therapy mainly chooses to focus on the approach of implying on the fact that individuals are liberated to determine their own lives. The existential theory mainly concedes the influence of the similar unconscious directives that are primarily focused on the psychodynamic theories (Cooper, 2015). However, it keeps a belief over the idea that the people are open to alternative decisions rather than focusing more on Freud's more deterministic view. Schneider (2015) further adds that the Existential theories believe in the fact that people are capable to make sound and conscious choice than being mere victims of unconscious conditioning. On the other hand, it can Person-centered therapy is the has been developed by Carl Rogers an d has complied with many of the beliefs just like that of the Existential therapy but on a further note, it emphasizes on the ability of the client to self-heal within the coverage of the therapist and counseling approach. It can be elaborated that the Carl Rogers believed in the fact that the people need to motivated and directed towards the definite goal, unlike the theories of the Existential therapy that believes in the fact that the people possess the natural capability of directing themselves towards the defined goal. This can be achieved without any support from the external source (Mearns, Thorne McLeod, 2013). Existential therapy mainly aims to teach the clients to reveal onto life and gather awareness about the various aspects that are available with a purpose to create a consequential and purposeful reality (Berne, 2016). Capuzzi Stauffer (2016) believes in the fact that people seek meaning, purpose, for striving towards uninterrupted personal transformation withy this kind of therapy.With contrast, it can be said that in case of existential theory, the psychological confrontations or disturbances take place when an individual from within, while Roger's person-centered theory believes in defensiveness and disorganized circumstances that mainly misleads people from their natural path towards fulfillment. With similarity like that of Existential theory, it can be added that the Person-centered theory also considers that individuals can self-direct themselves, even without the help of a psychotherapist in making essential alterations for solving their special problems (Van Deurzen, 2015). Historical Development The foundational influence of the existential theory has been found under the concept of human angst as the key motivation that has been responsible for the influence in the human behavior as well as the struggle in the situational conditions, with a belief of existing in the world without occupying any permanent place in it. Philosophers Victor Frankl and Rollo May have found this theory in between the 1800 1900s (Sharf, 2015). In the existing existentialism, Viktor Frankl and Rollo May were key figures in the early development of this movement.Frankl was a former apprentice of Sigmund Freud and Adler but turned out to be more influenced by earlier existential scripts.Rollo May was also predisposed by both Freud and Adler as well but found existentialist theories to be more compelling.On the contrary, Rogers believed that his client-centered therapy should focus on the deep, innate personal psychological experiences of the clients.This therapy emphasizes on the warm, concerned, con siderate attitude of the therapist, which was the elements that encouraged and shored up the actualization of the human prospects (Rogers, 2013). On one hand, the existentialists believed the fact that humans are compelled to self-actualization, which means to explore a better meaning and purpose in life.Johnson (2013) believes that the existentialists were apprehensive about the individuals realism and how they cope with their existence, along with what they do to give their reality, some meaningful purpose. However, on the other hand, Rogers unwaveringly believed that the behaviorist and psychoanalytic therapies do not sustain the client's potential for attaining self-actualization (Prochaska Norcross, 2018).His theories of client-centered therapy grew out of aggravation over the behaviorist and psychoanalytic notions and on the process; he hypothesized that the clients had an intrinsic knowledge in solving issues for which they sought after counseling and therapies (Fromm-Reichmann, 2015). In the process, he started to comprehend that he gained superior results by simply paying attention to his clients by letting them spea k in a controlled environment. Role of the therapists Based on the contrast and analysis, in the person-centered therapy, the therapist facilitates in the creation of a favorable atmosphere that is suitable for the natural psychological growth and directs towards an individual's capacity towards the achievement of self-actualization (Tolan Cameron, 2016).However, in existential therapy, the therapists are mainly concerned with consideration of the subjective world of the clients, in turn helping them to arrive at a new conclusion. This, in turn, helps the clients to recognize the accountability of their lives, thus allowing them to transfer themselves from an emotional anguish, toward the joy of recognizing their potential (Encinares Golea, 2016). In both the therapies, the therapist acts as a mirror to reflect several self-imposed constraints and limitations by preventing the client from additional escalation. On a further note, it can be added thatRogers was cautious in the maintenance of consistency in the application and as a resu lt, it bore reliable results (Cornelius-White, Motschnig-Pitrik Lux, 2013). Nonetheless, Rollo May has neglected the important aspects of human traits and was frequently inconsistent and confused in his clarification regarding the theories of existential therapy. Conclusion With the help of this essay, it can be concluded that both the therapies have been helpful in helping the clients to ease their anxiety and develop a new perspective towards life. However, it can also be added that even though there are several similarities in both the therapies, there are also some differences in the key concepts behind the therapies. On a further note, it can also be added that the existential theory is highly effective in terms of multicultural therapy due to its use of commonness and pervasiveness in the human issues. It can also be observed that the existential psychology continues to remain foreclosed and criticized by the psychoanalytic community due to its nature and practice. References Berne, E. (2016).Transactional analysis in psychotherapy: A systematic individual and social psychiatry. Pickle Partners Publishing. Capuzzi, D., Stauffer, M. D. (2016).Counseling and psychotherapy: Theories and interventions. John Wiley Sons. Cooper, M. (2015).Existential psychotherapy and counselling: Contributions to a pluralistic practice. Sage. Cornelius-White, J. H., Motschnig-Pitrik, R., Lux, M. (2013).Interdisciplinary applications of the person-centered approach. New York: Springer. Encinares, M., Golea, G. (2016). Client-centered care for individuals with dual diagnoses in the justice system.Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services,43(9), 29-36. Fromm-Reichmann, F. (2015).Principles of intensive psychotherapy. University of Chicago Press. Johnson, R. E. (2013).Existential man: The challenge of psychotherapy. Elsevier. Mearns, D., Thorne, B., McLeod, J. (2013).Person-centred counselling in action. Sage. Prochaska, J. O., Norcross, J. C. (2018).Systems of psychotherapy: A transtheoretical analysis. Oxford University Press. Sage.Rogers, C. R. (2013). Client-centered therapy.Current psychotherapies, 95. Schneider, K. J. (2015). ExistentialHumanistic Psychotherapy.The Professional Counselor's Desk Reference, 201. Sharf, R. S. (2015).Theories of psychotherapy counseling: Concepts and cases. Cengage Learning. Tolan, J., Cameron, R. (2016).Skills in person-centred counselling psychotherapy. Sage. Van Deurzen, E. (2015).Paradox and passion in psychotherapy: An existential approach. John wiley sons. Van Deurzen, E., Adams, M. (2016).Skills in existential counselling psychotherapy.

Ukuthwala Custom free essay sample

It is suggested that instead of a prohibitionist stance towards customs that seem to violate human rights norms, a benign accommodation of aspects that promote the positive aspects of culture be adopted. This approach leads to a conclusion that South African law should recognise those forms of ukuthwala where the requirement of consent of the ‘bride’ is met. The implications of the prohibition on social and cultural practices detrimental to child well-being in the Children’s Act are framed in this context. . Introduction The practice of ukuthwala in South Africa has recently received negative publicity, with numerous complaints being recorded. In the first and second quarter of 2009, the media reported that ‘more than 20 Eastern Cape girls are forced to drop out of school every month to follow the traditional custom of ukuthwala (forced marriage)’. [1] Girls as young as 12 years are forced to marry older men, in some cases with the consent of their pa rents or guardians. We will write a custom essay sample on Ukuthwala Custom or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Commenting on the matter, Congress of Traditional Leaders of South Africa (Contralesa) chairman, Chief Mwelo Nokonyana, said ukuthwala was ‘an old custom that was now being wrongly practiced in several parts of the eastern Transkei. ’[2] Dr Nokuzola Mdende of the Camagwini Institute also stated ‘that abducting a girl of 12 or 13 is not the cultural practice we know. This is not ukuthwala, this is child abuse. At 12, the child is not ready to be a wife. [3] At the SA Law Reform Commission ‘Roundtable Discussion on the practice of Ukuthwala’,[4] which was held as part of its preliminary investigation to determine whether the proposal should be included in the Commission’s law reform programme and in an effort to gather information on the subject, it was observed that ukuthwala, like many other customary institutions, has changed radically. The practice has now taken on other dimensions, including young girls forcibly being married to older men, relatives of the girl kidnapping and taking the girls themselves as wives, and abductions not being reported to the Traditional Authorities. 5] These changed practices around ukuthwala potentially increase the vulnerability of children’s’ rights violations. The main aim of this article is to evaluate the implications of the Children’s Act 38 of 2005 for ukuthwala. Insofar as the recent media comments are pertinent to some of the conclusions reached in this article, a preliminary discussion of ukuthwala in its differing dimensions is important. For that reason in the second part of this article we trace the history of ukuthwala, and the traditional reasons for, and the different forms of, ukuthwala. We further discuss the procedure of ukuthwala and the legal position of the practice under customary law. In the third part, we will contextualize the debate of ukuthwala within the constitutional and international rights to culture and equality paradigms. In the fourth part, we proceed by looking at the framework for the consideration of culture and custom in the Children’s Act before discussing the implications of the Children’s Act for ukuthwala. The last part contains some conclusions. 2. Ukuthwala 2. 1 What is ukuthwala? In South Africa, the custom originated from the Xhosas. [6] However, although the custom is predominantly practiced among Xhosa speaking tribes,[7] the practice has expanded into different ethnic groups. For example, the Mpondo clan has adopted ukuthwala from Xhosa clans such as the Mfengus. [8] Young Sotho men, through contact with other tribes, have also adopted the practice which was otherwise foreign amongst them. [9] Ukuthwala in South Africa enjoys popular support in the areas where it is still practiced. 10] According to a newspaper report, one Chief (a woman) in the region where ukuthwala is practiced said that the young girls who escape from the houses where they are detained whilst awaiting marriage were ‘embarrassing our village’. [11] The word ukuthwala means ‘to carry’. [12] It is a culturally legitimated abduction of a woman whereby, preliminary to a customary marriage,[13] a young man will forcibly take a girl to his home. [14] Some authors ha ve described ukuthwala as the act of ‘stealing the bride’. [15] Ukuthwala has also been described as a mock abduction or irregular proposal[16] aimed at achieving a customary marriage. 17] From these definitions, we see that ukuthwala is in itself not a customary marriage or an engagement. The main aim of ukuthwala is to force the girl’s family to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a customary marriage. [18] (Underlining supplied). The procedure for ukuthwala is as follows: The intending bridegroom, with the help of the one or two friends, will waylay the intended bride in the neighbourhood of her own home, quite often late in the day. [19] They will then ‘forcibly’ take her to the young man’s home. Sometimes the girl is caught unawares, but in many instances she is caught according to prior plan and agreement. In either case, the girl will put up a show of resistance to suggest to onlookers that it is against her will, when in fact, it is seldom so. As Bekker explains: ‘The girl, to appear unwilling and to preserve her maidenly dignity, will usually put up strenuous but pretended resistance, for, more often than not, she is a willing party’. [20] Once the girl has been taken to the man’s village, her guardian or his messenger will then follow up on the same day or the next day and possibly take her back if one or more cattle are not handed to him as an earnest promise for a future marriage. 21] Consequently, if the guardian does not follow her up to take her back, tacit consent to the marriage at customary law can be assumed. After the girl has been carried to the man’s family hearth, negotiations for lobolo between the families of the bride and the groom would then follow. If the families cannot reach an agreement, the girl will return to her parental home, whil e the man’s family will be liable for damages. [22] As noted, the main aim of ukuthwala is to force the girl’s family to enter into negotiations for the conclusion of a customary marriage. It follows, therefore, that if a man abducts a girl but fails to offer marriage, or if he does offer marriage but is deemed by the girl’s guardian to be unacceptable as a suitor, a fine of one beast is payable to the girl’s guardian,[23] who, with his daughter, is said to have been insulted by the thwala without a consequent offer of a marriage, or having been thwala’d by undesirable suitor. [24] It is important to note that during the process of ukuthwala, it is contrary to custom to seduce a girl. 25] By custom, the suitor, after forcibly taking the girl to his home village, is required to report the thwala to his family head. The family head thereupon gives the girl into the care of the women of his family home, and sends a report to the girl’s guardian. A man who seduces a thwala’d girl is required to pay a seduction beast in addition to the number of lobolo cattle agreed upon and in addition to the thwala beast where no marriage has been propos ed. 26] Other safeguards that were put in place for the protection of the thwala and the girl involved were that the parents of the girl were immediately notified after the thwala had occurred; if the thwala had not worked, a beast was supposed to be paid; and finally if a girl fell pregnant consequent upon her seduction, then further additional penalties were also supposed to be paid. [27] Numerous reasons exist for the practice of ukuthwala, some of which are arguably cogent and weighty. They include: to force the father of the girl to give his consent;[28] to avoid the expense of the wedding; to hasten matters if the woman is pregnant; to persuade the woman of the seriousness of the suitor’s intent; and to avoid the need to pay an immediate lobolo where the suitor and his or her family were unable to afford the bridewealth. From these reasons, it is apparent that ukuthwala can serve important cultural purposes in those South African communities which live their lives according to cultural norms. However, these reasons are also uggestive of the fact that the girl or the unmarried woman involved is, in some cases, thwala’d without her consent. This provides the link to forced marriage, which then calls into play constitutional and human rights standards. In addition, insofar as the girl who is thwala’d may be aged below 18, issues related to child marriage and early marriage arise which in turn calls for a consideration of some provisions of the C hildren’s Act 38 of 2005. 2. 2 Forms of Ukuthwala It is generally accepted that the traditional custom of ukuthwala is often carried out with the knowledge and consent of the girl or her guardian.

To what extent are Brits and Great Britain stereotypical or essays

To what extent are Brits and Great Britain stereotypical or essays As  ¡Four Weddings and a Funeral ¡ is a relatively new film, it allows the viewers to take a closer look at the situation in contemporary Britain,-the people,traditions, customs and some national stereotypes.It shows the country and the people from the point of view of a typical Britisher rather than someone who lives outside the U.K.Consequently,this image of Brits and Britain tends to be a bit idealised on one hand, and stereotypical on the other -the film shows both good sides of the British and also contains the slightly stereotyped view of them. Meanwhile, the vices of the main characters definitely seem to be toned down at least to some point ; also certain aspects of the country ¡s image is different than it is in for real.Another important issue is the fact, that the movie shows rather incomplete view of the British society-mostly middle class is depicted here and it is only during the funeral when we can see also the working class. To find out how true is the image of Great Britain presented in the  ¡ Four Weddings and a Funeral ¡ a few common stereotypes should be examined, confronted and compared with the film. Let us now consider the setting and the main characters. The first wedding is set in a small town in the rural area; the wedding reception is held in the garden and this, as well as the third wedding- that of Carrie and Hamish in his castle in Scotland with Scottish dances,bagpipes and kilts-create the picturesque and almost pastoral view-simmilar to those seen on postcard. It can be said, therefore,that the image of Britain as a country seem to be idealised.Also the weather is presented in such way-there is no sign of rain or fog-in fact, it rains only once during the whole film.This image can be contrasted with the setting of Charles ¡s wedding (that incompletedÆ’)  ¡Van old historic church in a bigger city and the setting the funeral, which was a chance to portrait the industrial esta ...

CIS204 U4 Discussion Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

CIS204 U4 Discussion - Coursework Example The connection created in the WAN is however private and secured, and cannot be accessed by the public. VPNs are good at establishing business connections between two sites using the IPsec or the Internet Protocol Security (IPS). The reason as to why this technology has been recommended to the company is the security in information flow. The technology is also good for connecting man sites, which can be helpful for customer care services. The numerous rooms in the hotel premise can all be connected to the customer care. Advantages of this type of technology is the cost associated with establishing it (Thrivenetworks 2015). Companies can establish the network at a cheaper price than in any other technologies used. The network is also highly protected from access by unauthorized people. This security ensures more secure communication by the people in it. For growing companies, this technology proves to be the most ideal as it does not need addition of other components so as to accommodate new users (Thrivenetworks 2015). Disadvantages of this technology are the complexity involved when there is addition of new infrastructure, and the security issues involved when using a mobile device to establish connection (Thrivenetworks 2015). WAN establishes a computer connection between two points. Several technologies can be used to establish connections between sites. VPN connection proves to be the best for business organizations due to the low cost and high level of security. For the business organizations, the best option for wireless solution would be a Cisco Network. The network could be configured to have a central switch board for easy control. This system would also be highly compatible with the VPN technology

Countrterrorism Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Countrterrorism - Article Example the country who enjoys the same provisions of the Law. 2. An American citizen captured in the United States of America while in the act of terrorist violence is guaranteed by the United States Constitution the right to habeas corpus, Article 1, section 9, clause 2. Additionally, the suspect is provided protection by certain provisions of the Bill of Rights. Like, the 4th amendment which states "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall be issued, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized; 5th amendment, No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger, nor shall any person be subject for the same offence t o be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb, nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use without just compensation; 6th amendment, In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining Witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of counsel for his defense; and 8th amendment, Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted" (Emerson & Haber, 1952). 3. Just war may be grounded along the concept that the history of the Americans in the achievement of freedom has been long and tremendous, that even the powers of the government have been frameworked in a purposeful endeavor intended to safeguard individual rights. So, the war on terror can be properly characterized as just war if it is conducted within the realms of the United States constitution. This is because the United States constitution contains the series of laws that will guide law enforcement, and provides protection for the rights of everyone (Emerson & Haber, 1952). 4. Apparently, anti-Americanism is not really a problem in the homeland. Political expressions of individuals or groups, and nations will however continue (Celmer, 1987) which may sometimes be misconstrued as inciting to violence. Nonetheless, perpetrators of hostilities which go beyond the limits of individual and national rights

The Management Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Management Environment - Essay Example Although it is difficult to believe that Supply chain management is a recent concept since even Shakespeare discussed how ships and merchandise at sea can be at risk from various threats, the process of actually managing a supply chain through technology and modern communication tools is certainly a recent innovation. With reference to globalisation, logistics is simply the science of getting the required materials, goods or equipment to the right people at the right time and the development of this field owes a lot to the military history of civilisation which goes all the way back to the Roman era where armies had to be kept in supply even in far flung regions of the empire (Christopher, 2005). In the modern world, when supply chain management and the philosophy of logistics are combined in an efficient manner a company can become richer and more powerful than any emperor of the past. Supply chain management not only allows the right people to have the right things at the right time, it also makes sure that there is no wastage in the process and the overall costs of the business are reduced (Van Hoek, 2005). For the company, it could mean less mistakes in ordering the right part, making sure that production facilities around the world are occupied and that production matches the consumption as well as client requirements. Every business decision and every business choice comes with an associated cost which must be borne by the shareholders or the owners of the business which means that costs need to be reduced to ensure a healthy profit. An efficiently managed global supply chain does exactly that by cutting down costs in several important areas of business (Christopher, 2 005). Lummus and Demarie (2006) give the example of supply chain management experts such as Renee Gregoire and James Correll who discussed the importance of supply chain management with reference to